Note:
For further information and comparing the gauge with the original instrument,
visit http://www.bendixking.com/static/brochures/index.html
and download the product brochure for the KLN 89B.
Description:
This gauge is a readout for the FS2002 GPS. It displays the current GPS NAV data
from the FS GPS and provides 5 display pages with cyclic data fields for GPS
CDI, position and times. 2 altitute pages with changeable barometric pressure,
minimum safe altitude and pre-selectable desired altitude with aural alerts are
available.
The data displayed are based on some of the KLN 89B NAV pages. It does not
simulate a GPS with database, map and menu.
The instrument provides the data needed to navigate and fly using the values of
the MSFS GPS in a realistic display. You have to use the FS built-in GPS for
selecting waypoints and changing GPS modes. This gauge also works together with
the FS flightplanner: Planned waypoints will be pushed into the KLN 89B.
The display, buttons and knobs:
See the picture ExplKLN89B.bmp which gives an overview of the display pages and
functions.
The NAV display contains 5 pages with the GPS readouts, a CDI to indicate the
desired track to next waypoint, a GPS position page and a flighttime/time page.
The ALT display has 2 ALT pages for setting the barometric pressure,
annunciating the MSA (Minimum Safe Altitude), pre-selectable hold altitude,
indicators for vertical speed and distance to selected altitude.
The display always shows on the left side the distance to the next waypoint and
the ground speed.
The image of the GPS mode indicator can be D--> - for direct-to mode - or -->
for flightplan mode. If there is an active waypoint, the waypoint identifier
name is displayed along with the GPS mode indicator.
If no waypoint is active, the NAV 1 display shows "++F+L A+G++" and most of the
navigation data are 000. Also the annunciator ">LEG" below ground speed
annunciator is not presented. In this case you can not use the instrument for
navigation.
The NAV 1 page has 4 cyclic data fields
- for the desired track CDI scale <-> direction to fly and cross track deviation
- for the bearing to the active waypoint <-> radial from the active waypoint.
The power knob
The smaller power knob on the lower left side turns the KLN 89B on and off. If
the instrument is powered on you will first see test screens for a few seconds.
Pushing the ENT button while test screen shows "Pass OK?", the selftest will be
stopped and the instrument is ready for navigation.
You can have the power switch always set on and use a central avionic circuit
switch in your main panel to set the power of ALL radios in this package.
The ALT button shows up the first ALT page (NAV 4). In this page you can set the
actual barometric pressure (in milibars) by turning the small selector knob.
The MSA value displays the actual minimum safe altitude. Clicking the ALT button
once more shows up the second ALT page (NAV 5). Here you can pre-select a desired
altitude.
The D-> button toggles the FS GPS window on and off if GPS window is window02 in
the panel.cfg file.
The ENT button let you finish the self-test and the settings for barometric
pressure and hold altitude.
The CRSR button on the right side cycles through the data fields in NAV 1 page.
When the ALT pages (NAV 4 + 5) are active, the CRSR button starts the entry mode
for the changeable blinking fields.
The selector knob on the right has two parts: A large outer knob and a small
inner knob. While one of the 3 NAV pages is shown, the outer knob cycles the
NAV pages form 1 to 3 and backward. While the ALT 1(NAV 4) page is shown, the
inner knob decreases/increases the barometer altitude setting in steps of 0.3
milibars. While the ALT 2(NAV 5) page is shown, the inner knob decreases/
increases the altitude pre-seletion.
How to use the course deviation indicator (CDI):
Click left/right on the GPS knob to select the NAV 1 CDI page. Watch the CDI in
the 2nd row of the display while flying. The little center triangle is always
pointing up TO the next waypoint.
The course deviation stands for the left/right XTrack and is indicated by a
little vertical bar on the left or right side of the center triangle. Each dot
of the CDI scale represents 1 nm desired track deviation. To intercept the
desired track "fly into the bar". An on-course indication is displayed when the
vertical deviation bar is centerd in the middle on the triangle.
Pressing the CRSR button will bring up a digital CDI information instead of the
CDI scale. This presentation will show you exactly in nautical miles how far off
course you are and which direction you have to fly to intercept the desired
track.
How to change the barometric pressure (QNH):
Click on ALT to show the ALT 1 page (indicated as NAV 4 on the lower left corner).
Click on the CRSR button to activate the entry mode. The digits of the
barometric pressure value are blinking. Click left/right of the small selector
knob to decrease/increase the pressure value in steps of 0.3 milibars.
How to fly with a pre-selected desired altitude:
Click twice on the ALT button to open the ALT 2 page (indicated as NAV 5 on the
lower left corner). The display is showing the following values:
- second row: Left side the current pressure altitude in feet (depending on
selected barometric pressure) and right sided the desired altitude. If your
aircraft is on the ground, the default value is actual height above main sea
level (MSL) plus an addition of 2000 feet for the minimum safe altitude (MSA)
rounded to the next 100 feet value. If your aircraft is in flight and
is in or above MSA, the default value is the actual flight level rounded to
the next 100 feet.
- third row: Left side the identifier of the next waypoint and right sided the
computed distance (in nautical miles ) from the waypoint your aircraft will
reach the desired altitude.
- fourth row: Left side the actual ground speed (in knots) and right sided the
actual vertical speed (in feet per minutes).
The computed distance your aircraft will reach the desired altitude is depending
on the actual distance from the waypoint, the actual ground speed and the
actual vertical speed. While flying you can watch the permanently changing
values.
To change the default desired altitude, click on the CRSR button to activate the
entry mode. The digits of the desired altitude value are blinking. Click left/
right of the small selector knob to decrease/increase the altitude value in
steps of 100 feet. When you have made the changes, click on the ENT button to
finish the entry mode and to accept the pre-selection.
From now on, the KLN 89B will remind you on your desired altitude: When your
aircraft is 1000 feet below/above the desired altitude you will hear 2 short
aural signals, if the difference between actual and desired altitude was more
than +/- 1000 feet at that time you have clicked the ENT button. When your
aircraft reaches the pre-selected desired altitude, you will hear 3 aural
signals and the instrument automatically swaps to the ALT 2 page, where the
desired altitude is displayed. Now you can keep this value (nothing to
do) or select a new one by clicking CRSR and turning the small selector knob.
If your aircraft is not equipped with an autopilot or is equipped with an
autopilot that doesn't support holding altitude, you may use the KLN 89B for a
safe altitude hold: When you are reaching the desired altitude for the first
time and have heared the 3 beep signals, the instrument will watch your level
cruising. If your actual altitude exceeds the internally buffer of +/- 300 feet,
you will hear 4 aural signals.
If you want to interrupt the pre-selected altitude alert before you reach the
desired altitude or if you want to finish the cruise level monitoring, just
click on the CRSR button. This will stop all alerts.
How the minimum safe altitude works:
In the original instrument there is a database which containes informations
about heights of terrain and obstacles. Because this gauge has no access to
such informations when flying over the FS scenery, we use a little trick to
simulate the minimum safe altitude. FS returnes an internal "radar height"
value meassured from aircraft to ground. This current value plus an addition of
2000 ft gives the minimum safe altitude. If you are proceeding in more or less
"flat" terrain an addition of 1000 ft may be sufficient.
How the flighttime timer works:
The built-in flighttime timer starts automatically when power is on, the
self-test is finished and the airspeed is more than 5 knots.
When the flighttime counter starts, the departure time will be computed.
Notes:
This is version 1.0 of this gauge and if any updates are required I will release
them. Send me an email if anything doesn't work as expected.
Copyright and Distribution:
This gauge is released as Freeware.
Copyright (C) Gerd R. Nehr, GeRoN Brainware
As freeware you are permitted to distribute this archive or the gauges contained
therein subject to the following conditions :
- The archive must be distributed without modification to the contents of
the archive. Redistributing this archive with any files removed or modified
is prohibited.
- You can use this gauges in any panel of your own. You may also freely
distribute this gauge, subject to the no money restriction.
- No charge may be made for this archive other than that to cover
the cost of its distribution. If a fee is charged it must be
made clear to the purchaser that the archive is freeware and
that the fee is to cover the distributor's costs of providing
the archive. You may NOT make money with this gauge in
any form. The undersigned asserts his legal and international
right to be recognised as the author of this gauge.
- The authors' rights concerning this archive must be respected.
